Refrigeration



Nov. 28,1944. K. BERGHLM I 2,337471 b l REFRIGERATION.

Fmg Feb. 24, 1944 INVEN'TOIL Patented Nov.` 28, 1944 yUNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE REFRIGERATION Harry Karl Bergholm, Stockholm, SwedenApplication February 24, 1944, Serial No. 523,641

In Sweden January 14, 1943 1 7 Claims.

My invention relates to refrigeration and more particularly toimprovements in the method of and arrangement for supplying heat to thegenerator of a refrigerating apparatus. f

In accordance with my invention I supply heat to the generator from twoheat sources by intermedium of two flue tubes. Also in accordance withmy invention I improve the rectication of the generator vapors bydecreasing the temperature of the solution supplied to the upper part ofthe liquid column in thegenerator by means of two vapor lift conduits.

Further objects and advantages will be apparent from the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in whichis schematically shown a continuous absorption refrigerating apparatusof the type in which pressure is equalized by a circulating gas.

My invention relates generally tov absorption refrigerating systems butis herein described in connection with a continuous absorption system inwhich the pressure is equalized by a circulating inert gas such ashydrogen. Obviously any suitable combination of iiuids may be used inthis system, but for the purposes of description ammonla may be thecooling uid and water the' absorbent. f` 1 Referring to the drawinga'tub'ular generator I I0 is connected to an aircooled condenser II bymeans of a conduit I2. Liquifled refrigerant flows through conduits I3and I4 into an evaporator I5 which may be arranged within arefriglerating storage compartment not shown in the ligure. The evaporator I5is interconnected with an aircooled absorber I1 by intermedium of a gasforming the inner passage of a liquid heat exchanger 22, through theouter passage of which poor solution from the generator I0 byintermedium of a conduit 2| and a conduit 23 flows to the upper entranceof the absorber Il. According to my invention I prefer to conduct theliquid to each ofthe two vapor lift conduits :2l and 28 through twoseparate conduits from a common storage vessel, the liquid content ofwhich is a relatively large one.

According to my invention I provide in heat conductive relation to thetubular body portion or vessel of the generator Il) two separate fluetubes 29 and 30 towhich heated gases are suppliedfrom each of two oilburners 3| and 32 respectively, said burners receiving oil from a commonoil tank 33. I prefer to have each of the two vapor lift conduits 2l and28 arranged in thermal connection with one of the iiue tubes 29 and 3Urespectively.

The two cooperating vapor lift conduits will be able to inject thenecessary quantity of liquid into the generator at a lower temperaturethan the working temperature of one single pump, adapted to inject anequal quantity of liquid into the generator. Accordingly theconcentration of refrigerant in the liquid injected by two cooperatingpumps will be large in comparison with the [This is because the internaldiameter of each of heat exchanger I6 and conduits 38 and 39. Am-

monia vapor expelled from Athe solution by heating in the generatorflows through an aircooled rectifier and the conduit I2 to the condenserII. Ammonia, condensed to liquid in said condenser ows into` the upperpart of the evaporator and ows then downwardly, evaporating by diffusioninto hydrogen gas which enters the Y evaporator through'its lowerconnection to the two pipes is less than the internal diameter of asingle pipe for 'delivering the same amount of liquid and the `slippageor loss in a vapor lift pump decreases at a greater ratio than thedecrease in the internal diameter of the pipe. As a resulttheconcentration of refrigerant in the upper part of the liquid columnof the generator will be a relatively high one\,\ and consequently therectication of the vapors expelled in the generator will be improved.

However 'I prefer to dimension and arrange the refrigerating apparatusin such a way that under easy or low load conditions sufficient heat maybe supplied to the generator by one of the heat sources only. Due toythe fact that each of the two vapor lift conduits 2l and 28 areconnected to the storage vessel 24 by intermedium of separate conduits25 and 26 respectively, there will arise no disturbances between the twopumps one of which is operating, the other one being out of operation.

iDuring certain circumstances one of the pumps may be omitted, the'otherpump being so dimen- 56 .sioned vand arranged in such heatrelativeconnection to one of the flue tubes 29 or 30 that the pumpingeffect is suicient to obtain a satisfactory liquid circulation throughthe generator and the absorber. I then prefer to provide indicatingand/or controlling means in order to insure lighting of that burner theilue of which has heat conductive connection with the vapor lift pump.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art, that various otherchanges may be made in the connection and arrangement without departingfrom the spirit of the invention and therefore my invention is notlimited to 'what is shown in the drawing and in the specification, butonly as indicated in the following claims.

WhatI claim is:

1. A generator for an absorption refrigeration system comprising asingle generator vessel, means for supplying liquid to the vessel, meansfor discharging liquid from the vessel, separate means for conductingvapor from the vessel, a plurality of flues arranged in heat conductingrelationship with lsaid vessel, and a separate source of heat for eachilue whereby the heat is transmitted from. the ilues to the vessel -toheat the liquid therein.

2. A generator for an absorption refrigeration system comprising avessel, a plurality of flues arranged in heat conducting relationshipwith said vessel, a vapor lift conduit in heat conducting relationshipwith one of the ilues and connected to supply liquid to the vesseladjacent its upper end, and a separate source of heat for each iiuewhereby the heat is transmitted from the ues to the-vessel and to thevapor lift conduit to supply liquid to the vessel and heat the liquidtherein.

3. A generator for an absorption refrigeration vsystem comprising avessel, a plurality of flues arranged in heat conducting relationshipwith said vessel, a vapor lift tube for each flue in heat conductingrelationship therewith and connected to supply liquid to the vesseladjacent its upper end, and a separate source of heat for each uewherebythe heat is transmitted from the ues to the vessel and to thevapor lift tubes.

4. In an absorption refrigeration system comsides of the vessel, and aseparate source of heat for each ue tube.

5. In an absorption refrigeration system. comprising a plurality ofinterconnected elements to provide circuits for a refrigerant andabsorption solution including a storage vessel, a condenser and agenerator, said generator having a tubular vessel connected to thecondenser, a plurality of ue tubes arranged in heat conductingrelationship with the sides of the vessel, a'vapor lift tube for eachflue tube in heat conducting relationship therewith and connected to thevessel adjacent its upper end, a conduit for each vapor lift tubeconnecting it to the storage vessel, and a separate source of heat foreach flue tube.'

6. In anabsorption refrigeration system comprising a plurality ofinterconnected elements to provide circuits for a, refrigerant andabsorption solution comprising an absorber, a storage vessel connectedto the absorber, a condenser and a generator, said generator having atubular vessel connected to the condenser, a plurality of flue tubesarranged in heat conducting relationship with the sides of the vessel, avapor lift tube for each flue tube in heat conducting relationshiptherewith and connected to the generator vessel adjacent its upper end,a conduit for each vapor lift tube connected to receive liquid from thestorage Vessel, a conduit connecting the generator and absorber in heatexchanging relationship with the conduits for the vapor lift tubes, anda separate source of heat for each flue tube.

'7. 'In an absorption refrigeration system comprising a plurality ofinterconnected elements to provide circuits for a refrigerant andabsorption solution comprising an absorber, a storage vessel connectedto the absorber, a condenser`and a generator, said generator having atubular vessel connected to the condenser, a plurality of ue tubesarranged in heat conducting relationship with' the sides of the tubularvessel, a vapor lift tube for each flue tube in heat conductingrelationship therewith and connected to the tubular vessel adjacent itsupper end a.- conduit for each vapor lift tube connected to receiveliquid from the storage vessel, a conduit connecting the generator andabsorber in heat exchanging relationship with the conduits for the vaporlift tubes, a separate oil burnerfor each flue tube, and a common oiltank arranged to supply oil to the separate oil burners.

HARRY KARL BERGHOLM.

